Feed additives are small or micronutrient or non-nutritive substances added to feed to meet special needs. Nutritional additives include amino acids, minerals, vitamins, etc. These additives are the nutrients needed by fish. The purpose of adding them is to supplement the deficiencies or deficiencies of certain nutrients in the feed formula and make the formula balanced. Non-nutritive additives include antibiotics, pharmaceuticals, growth promoters, antioxidants, fungicides, colorants, food attractants and the like.
Several functions of fish feed additives:
1. Supplementary nutrition Additives such as amino acids, vitamins and minerals can supplement the nutrition in the feed and make it reach the formula balance.
2. Promote feed intake, such as flavorings, adhesives, colorants, etc., can improve the physical properties of the feed, thereby increasing the feed intake of aquatic animals and stimulating their feed intake.
3. Promote digestion and absorption, such as protease preparations, can regulate the digestion mechanism of fish and enhance the digestion and absorption capacity of its digestion and absorption system for feed.
4. Promote metabolism Some additives can regulate the physiological function of fish, promote the physiological metabolism function in the body, accelerate the nutrient absorption and transformation speed of the fish body, and promote the growth and development of the body.
5. Prevention of diseases such as Chinese herbal medicines and antibiotics can prevent diseases by regulating their body functions to a normal state, thereby ensuring the normal utilization of feed.
6. Protect the quality of feed Preservatives, preservatives, and antifungal agents are used to protect the feed from deterioration during storage.
Unsafe factors in additives: The safe and toxic doses of some trace elements and heavy metal elements are very close. Fish are fed freely. For example, uneven mixing or inaccurate measurement during feed production can easily lead to accumulative poisoning of fish. . The illegal use of hormones or antibiotics in some feeds has damaged the immune function of fish and reduced the ability of fish to resist disease and stress. Such fish are larger in size, lighter in weight, loose in flesh, small in proportion of dry matter in fish body, weak in physique, and poor in disease resistance and stress resistance. In the case of pulling nets and other situations, fin rays, scales, gills bleed, and scales fall off. Once a fish disease outbreak occurs, the effect of drug treatment is poor, the anti-hypoxia ability is low, it cannot withstand long-distance transportation, and the mortality rate is high during winter. greater economic losses.
